Vinsamlegast notið þetta auðkenni þegar þið vitnið til verksins eða tengið í það: http://hdl.handle.net/1946/14134
Offita barna með þroskahömlun er að aukast í heiminum og er hún oft hærri en á meðal barna án þroskahömlunar. Ekki hafa margar rannsóknir verið gerðar á börnum með þroskahömlun sem kanna holdafar, þol og stig þroskahömlunar.
Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hvort holdafar og þolbarna með þroskahömlun (ID) væri frábrugðið því sem mælist meðal barna án þroskahömlunar (WID) og hvort stig þroskahömlunar hefði áhrif á holdafar og þol. ID börnin voru fengin í rannsóknina samkvæmt fyrri greiningu á þroskahömlun en WID börnin voru valin af handahófi meðal barna af sama kyni og aldri. Hæð, þyngd og mittismál vorumæld og líkamsþyngdarstuðull (BMI = kg/m²) var reiknaður út hjá 145 börnum með og án þroskahömlunar. Stig þroskahömlunar var metið með Bandelow greindarprófi (hér eftir nefnt greindarprófið). Þol var metið með stigvaxandi prófi á þrekhjóli.
ID börnin voru lægri en með meira mittismál og hærra BMI en WID börnin (P< 0,05). Hlutfallslega fleiri (86,3%) WID börn voru í kjörþyngd en ID börn (62,5%)(P =0,004). Marktæk víxlverkun (P< 0,05) var á milli hópa og kyns í þolmælingunum þannig að enginn kynjamunur var meðal ID barna en WID drengirnir voru þolmeiri en WID stúlkurnar. ID börn voru marktækt lakari í öllum þáttum greindarprófsins (P ≤0,001) en WID börn. Sterk jákvæð fylgni var á milli einstakra þátta greindarprófsins og aldurs hjá ID börnum (r=0,55-0,66, P <0,001) en ekkert slíkt samband fannst hjá WID börnum. Hins vegar fannst lítið sem ekkert samband á milli einstakra þátta greindarprófsins og holdafars eða á milli þolmælinga hjá báðum hópum. Að sama skapi hafði stig þroskahömlunar ekki áhrif á BMI, mittismál eða þol.
Niðurstöður rannsóknarinnar gefa til kynna að ID börn séu feitari, með meira mittismál og lakara þol en WID börn. Mikilvægt er að halda áfram rannsóknum á þessu sviði og gefa þessum hópi barna meiri gaum en gert hefur verið hingað til.
Obesity among children with intellectual disability (ID) is increasing in the
world and it is often more prevalent than among children without
intellectual disability (WID). There are very few studies on children with ID
that have specifically investigated adiposity, aerobic fitness, and level of ID .
The purpose of this study was to examine whether adiposity and aerobic
fitness among children with ID were different from that of WID children,
and to investigate whether level of ID would have any impact on adiposity
and aerobic fitness. The ID children were classified as such by previous
official tests of intellectual disability, whereas the WID children were
randomly selected among children of same age and gender. Height, weight
and waist circumference were assessed and body max index (BMI = kg/m²)
was calculated among 145 children with and without ID. Cognition was
assessed with the Bandelow cognitive test on a computer. Aerobic fitness
was assessed with graded bicycle ergometer test.
ID children were shorter,had more waist circumference, and had higher
BMI than WID children (P<0.05). Relativley more (86.3%) WID children were
in normal weight than ID children (62.5%) (P= 0.004). Significant interaction
(P<0.05) was between group and gender on aerobic fitness in such a way
that no gender difference was found among ID children but WID boys were
more aerobically fit than WID girls. ID children scored significantly lower in
every element of the cognitive test (P ≤ 0.001) than WID children. Strong
positive correlation was between all elements of the cognitive test and age
among ID children (r=0.55-0.66, P < 0.001) but not such connection existed
in WID children. One the other hand, there were little-to-no connections
between cognition and adiposity and aerobic fitness in both groups.
Furthermore level of cognition did not have any impacton BMI, waist
circumference and aerobic fitness.
The result indicatet hat ID children have more fat, they have more waist
circumference and worse physical fitness than WID children. It is important
to continue research in this area and draw more attention to children with
ID than has previously been done
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Sigurlín Garðarsdóttir.pdf | 1.01 MB | Opinn | Heildartexti | Skoða/Opna |