https://hdl.handle.net/1946/6000 Fri, 08 May 2026 08:16:43 GMT 2026-05-08T08:16:43Z https://hdl.handle.net/1946/49232 Titill: "Why do I have to learn about this?" Understanding Human Rights Education in Icelandic Compulsory Schools Höfundur: Ársól Clara Arnardóttir 2000- Útdráttur: This thesis explores the state of human rights education (HRE) in Icelandic compulsory schools, through the experiences of teachers. This thesis puts three primary research questions forward (1) what do teachers know about human rights? (2) how do teachers view and use HRE and (3) are they prepared to teach children's rights? To answer these questions, a survey was sent to all Icelandic compulsory schools and four interviews were taken. the findings reveal that Icelandic compulsory school teachers have a good level of knowledge and understanding of children's rights. teachers view HRE as an important aspect of compulsory education and they are prepared to teach it in any subject. Teachers use HRE to develop students' knowledge, skills, understanding of human rights and their attitudes and behaviours of human rights. Iceland has not fully implemented the CRC and being without important elements, such as an independent monitoring body, is not optional any more. this thesis concludes with three crucial recommendations for the betterment of children's rights in Iceland. Athugasemdir: Ritgerðin er skrifuð við sagnfræðideild háskólans í Lundi. Mon, 24 Feb 2025 10:58:48 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/1946/49232 2025-02-24T10:58:48Z https://hdl.handle.net/1946/47553 Titill: Evaluation of new carbon dioxide degassing equipment in RAS Höfundur: Sigurður Ívar Skúlason 1997- Útdráttur: High carbon dioxide concentrations have adverse effects on fish physiology in recirculating aquaculture systems, making carbon dioxide removal essential for an economically sustainable production. Dissolved carbon dioxide is more difficult to remove from water than other dissolved gases due to its complex liquid reactions and high solubility. Commercial degassers remove high loads of carbon dioxide from intensive land-based fish farms; however they are energy demanding due to energy draining pumps and blowers. This study aimed to design a novel carbon dioxide degassing technique. The design was based on the principal of the old Inka aerator. A degasser without lifting height, comprised of perforated plates with carbon dioxide rich water layers on top and air coming from directly underneath. Two perforated plates were used, an R1 T2 plate with an open area of 23% and an R3 T5 plate with an open area of 32%. Due to fragility, the R1 T2 plate was provided structural support from the R3 T5 plate. The plates were jointed together and placed in a 60 L, polyethylene container. The container was slightly angled, stopping the plates about 10 cm from its bottom. An airflow inlet connected to a blower and an outlet for drainage were drilled in the container, below the perforated plates. A waterflow channel was created with metal pieces and duct tape. Perforated area was 0.0551 m2 and total surface area was 0.0841 m2 within the channel. The plates were sealed with duct tape, ensuring that air only escaped through the perforated area during degassing. The airflow was controlled with a diaphragm valve and calculated from measured air velocity and pipe diameter, while water was weighed on a scale, and the degassing time assessed with a stopwatch. Tests were performed on three different airflows; 12.5; 9.4; and 6.2 L/s, at three water volumes; 1 L, 2 L, and 4 L, and two degassing durations; 2.5, and 5 seconds. 20 ± 1 mg/L dissolved CO2 batches were prepared for all tests and poured onto the running degasser. Measurements for dissolved CO2 and pH were performed before and after degassing each test. Three tests were performed for every combination of airflow, water volume, and degassing duration for increased result reliability. Degassing 1 L samples at 12.5 L/s airflow for 5 seconds illustrated the highest CO2 removal, removing 19 mg/L out of 20 mg/L. The lowest CO2 removal was obtained from degassing 4 L samples at 6.2 L/s airflow for 2.5 seconds, removing 8 mg/L out of 20 mg/L. By increasing the airflow, decreasing the water volume, and increasing the degassing duration, the CO2 removal increased and vice versa. A strong linear relationship was exhibited between the decreasing CO2 concentrations and increasing pH levels from 6.0 – 7.1 at concentrations from 20 mg/L down to 1 mg/L. Thu, 06 Jun 2024 11:19:51 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/1946/47553 2024-06-06T11:19:51Z https://hdl.handle.net/1946/45709 Titill: "Get a car, you loser!" : The roots of car-dependency in Reykjavík (and how to break free from it). Höfundur: Björn Teitsson 1981- Útdráttur: The most influential document of planning policy in the history of Iceland is arguably The Reykjavík Municipal Plan, 1962-1983, which was published and unanimously approved by every city council member in 1965. It‘s main author was Danish urban planner and professor, Peter Bredsdorff, and therefore the municipal plan was referred to as „the Danish Plan.“ Ironically, few Danes would consider this plan to have anything to do with Danish urban planning as we know it today. Essentially the plan that turned Reykjavík to a suburban, private car dependant city. As car dependancy grew, active modes of transport were less apparent and public transport stagnated or fell behind. This research would focus mainly on a) finding the roots of car dependancy in history, economic and social influences, and what has stood in the way for Iceland to change course and join the likes of Bergen in Norway, where a light rail system was opened in 2010 and has transformed the city. Athugasemdir: This thesis is submitted for the title Master of Science in European Urban Studies at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar. Mon, 04 Sep 2023 16:13:55 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/1946/45709 2023-09-04T16:13:55Z https://hdl.handle.net/1946/37875 Titill: How can the Icelandic primary school system meet the needs of refugee children and support their learning and development Höfundur: Anna Sigríður Sveinbjörnsdóttir 1991- Útdráttur: The number of refugees arriving to Iceland over the past years has increased a lot, which has led to increased discussion in Iceland on how the country is managing to include refugee students in the school. The school can play an important role in helping the children to deal with their emotions and to establish meaningful connections in the new society, enabling and creating the children’s sense of belonging. The study is a qualitative study based on the results of semi-structured interviews with children studying in Icelandic primary schools. The purpose of this study was to gain insight in how refugee children at primary level experience Icelandic schools. The main results of the study indicate that the children are happy at school, they feel like they have received good support at their school even though many of them struggle with certain topics, homework and learning the language. The results also show that children in welcoming classes are not as included with their Icelandic peers as the children in mainstream class and they seem to struggle more with establishing friendships with their Icelandic peers. However, many of the children in both groups had experienced bullying at school. The conclusion is that there is a need to change the structure of welcoming refugee children in Icelandic primary schools in order to make refugee children more included. Key words: Refugee children, primary school, education, UN Convention on the Rights of the Child Athugasemdir: Meistaraprófsritgerð í menntavísindum varin við Háskólann í Ósló Mon, 03 May 2021 15:29:40 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/1946/37875 2021-05-03T15:29:40Z