„Þetta er algjör snilld og bjargaði lífi mínu“: Afdrif þátttakenda í Grettistaki

Abstract

Grettistak er starfsendurhæfing ætluð einstaklingum með vímuefnaröskun og langvarandi félagslegan vanda og eru jafnframt langtímanotendur félagsþjónustu.Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna afdrif þátttakenda í Grettistaki á árunum 2012–2017. Rannsóknarspurningarnar voru eftirfarandi: Hver eru afdrif þátttakenda í Grettistaki á árunum 2012–2017? Hvaða áhrif hafði Grettistak á bataferli þátttakenda?Hvað veldur því að þátttakendur ljúka ekki við Grettistak? Rannsóknin var framkvæmdmeð megindlegri aðferð og var spurningalisti lagður fyrir símleiðis. Þýði rannsóknarinnarsamanstóð af þátttakendum sem bæði höfðu lokið Grettistaki og þeim sem ekki luku þvíog voru þeir 204 talsins. Alls svaraði 101 þátttakandi könnunni og var svarhlutfallið 49,5%.Helstu niðurstöður voru að á árunum 2012–2017 luku 80,2% þátttakenda í rannsókninni Grettistaki. Ástæður þess að þátttakendur luku ekki endurhæfingunni voruþær að þeir fóru að vinna eða byrjuðu aftur í neyslu. Af þátttakendum voru 43 virkir á vinnumarkaði, af þeim höfðu átta þátttakendur hætt í Grettistaki. Í áframhaldandi nám fóru 58 þátttakendur, af þeim höfðu fjórir hætt í Grettistaki. Aðeins 13 fengufjárhagsaðstoð og 17 voru á örorkubótum. Alls 91,9% þátttakenda voru edrú. Þeim sem bjuggu á áfangaheimili við upphaf þátttöku í Grettistaki fækkaði um 39,6% og við lok endurhæfingartímabilsins hafði þeim sem bjuggu í leiguhúsnæði á almennum markaði fjölgað um 25,7%. Fjárhagur þátttakenda hafði batnað eftir þátttöku. Viðhorf þátttakenda til Grettistaks var í heild jákvætt en var þó jákvæðara hjá þeim sem luku endurhæfingunnien hjá þeim sem gerðu það ekki. Líðan, heilsa og félagsleg tengsl þátttakenda að lokinniþátttöku voru betri en fyrir Grettistak. Niðurstöðurnar benda til þess að Grettistak beri árangur því þegar á heildina er litið stuðlaði endurhæfingin að bættum kjörum þátttakenda og hafði jákvæð áhrif á bataferli þeirra. Afdrif þátttakenda voru almennt góðen þó voru afdrif þeirra sem luku Grettistaki betri en hjá þeim sem gerðu það ekki.Lykilorð: Grettistak, starfsendurhæfing, vímuefnaröskun, fjárhagsaðstoð, bataferli,brottfall.

Grettistak is a vocational rehabilitation intended for people with substance use disorder and long-term social issues which are also long-term clients of the social service. The objective of this research was to examine how participants of Grettistak in the years of2012-2017 are faring today. The research questions were as follows: How are the participants of Grettistak from the years of 2012-2017 faring today? What effect didGrettistak have on the participants recovery? Why are participants not completing the Grettistak program? The study was conducted quantitatively by using a questionnaire by phone.The studies population was composed of participants who had completed theGrettistak program as well as those who did not complete it, with the total of 204 individuals. In total, 101 participants answered the questionnaire, making the answer ratio 49,5%.The main results showed that in the years of 2012-2017, 80,2% of the participants in the research completed the Grettistak program. The reason for participants not completing the program were either that they went to work or that they relapsed. 43 of the participants were active in the work market, eight of those had quit the program. 58went on to continual studies, four of them had quit the Grettistak program. Only 13 went on to receive financial aid and 17 were receiving disability pension. In total 91,9% of the participants were sober. Those who were living at a half-way home at the beginning oftheir participation at the Grettistak program went down by 39.6% and at the end of the rehabilitation period, those who were leasing apartments from the general market increased by 25,7%. The participant’s finances had improved after their participation. The participants attitude towards the Grettistak program was overall positive although those who had completed the program were more positive than those who did not. The overall well being, health and social status of participants was better than before they took partin the Grettistak program. Results indicate that Grettistak is an overall success because the program did improve the participant’s situation and have a positive effect on their recovery. The participants are generally faring well although those who completed theGrettistak program were faring better than those who did not.Key words: Grettistak, vocational rehabilitation, substance use disorder, financial aid,recovery, dropout.