Copperland. Poland's resources and reserves of copper.

Abstract

Copper is one of the most used metals in today´s world. It is known to be used in building construction, electric and electronic products, transportation equipment, consumer and general products and industrial machinery and equipment. Copper consumption is driven by many factors such as population, economic performance and urbanisation. Consumption of copper per capita has increased globally over the past 100 years and is likely to continue with this trend in the near future. Approximately 69% of copper deposits in the world are found in porphyry copper and 12% is sediment – hosted. Extraction can be undertaken through one of three possible ways of mining: open-pit, underground mining and leaching. World reserves as for 2017 are at 790 million tonnes. Poland’s reserves are estimated to be 28 million tonnes while resources are estimated to be 35 million tonnes. Polish copper ores are sediment-hosted and of the strata-bound type. The deposits are found in the Fore-Sudetic Monocline and the North Sudetic Basin in the Lower Silesia region in south-western Poland and related to the Zechstein formation. Copper occurs in the copper-bearing shales, sandstones and dolomites in the same formation. In recent years, the copper content of the ore in Poland has decreased and was the reason for extraction of more ore bearing rock, in order to maintain the level of copper content. Polish deposits are believed to maintain copper ore mining in Poland at the current level for the next 40-50 years.

Kopar er einn af mest notuðu málmum í heimi í dag. Hann er notaður í byggingariðnaði, rafmagns- og rafeindatækjum, samgöngutækjum, neysluvörum og almennum vörum og iðnaðarvélum og búnaði. Kopar neysla er knúin áfram af mörgum þáttum, svo sem íbúafjölda, efnahagi og þéttbýlismyndun. Neysla kopars á mann hefur aukist um allan heim á undanförnum 100 árum og er líklegt að hún haldi áfram þessari þróun í náinni framtíð. Um 69% af kopar í heiminum er að finna í dílagrjóti og 12% í seti. Efnistaka fer fram í námuvinnslu: opnum námum, neðanjarðar námum og með útskolun. Árið 2017 voru heimsbirgðir af kopar metnar 790 milljónir tonna, þar af voru birgðir Póllands 28 milljónir tonna. Pólskar kopar auðlindir eru áætlaðar vera 35 milljónir tonna. Kopargrýti í Póllandi finnst í setlögum (skífum, sandsteinum eða kalksteinum) í Neðri Slesíu í suðvestur Póllandi og eru af Zechstein myndun. Á undanförnum árum hefur koparinnihald málmgrýtsins í Póllandi minnkað. Til þess að viðhalda styrkleika koparinnihaldsins var námuvinnsla efld. Áætlar er að auðlindir Póllands dugi til að viðhalda núverandi námuvinnslu kopars næstu 40-50 árin.