Underlining the potential drivers of carbon allocation in Kernza® crops

Abstract

The present study investigates the primary factors influencing carbon allocation in Thinopyrum intermedium (Kernza) during its first growth year at the PERENNIAL experimental site in Alnarp, Sweden. Focusing on the distribution of aboveground and belowground biomass and the role of soil properties, this work integrates field measurements, soil texture analyses, and spatial data to address knowledge gaps in carbon partitioning within perennial grain crops. Results indicate that Kernza roots extend more deeply in sandy soils and that carbon allocation to roots increases under nutrient-poor or dry conditions. The observed root-shoot ratio (RSR) ranged from 0.08 to 0.47, reflecting lower belowground investment than previously reported for mature stands. Moreover, flooded plots exhibited a marked decrease in total biomass (849 g/m²) compared to non-flooded plots (1005 g/m²). These findings highlight the influence of soil texture and moisture on carbon allocation patterns in early-stage Kernza.