<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-09-29T19:08:04Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:skemman.is:1946/23797" metadataPrefix="dim">https://skemman.is/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:skemman.is:1946/23797</identifier><datestamp>2019-08-30T07:55:04Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1946_6867</setSpec><setSpec>com_1946_6001</setSpec><setSpec>col_1946_34317</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" lang="is">Háskólinn í Reykjavík</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author">Dagbjört Helgadóttir 1993-</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2016-02-17T10:00:25Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2016-02-17T10:00:25Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued">2016-02-17</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="submitted">2015-12-22T16:15:56Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="published">2015-12</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/1946/23797</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en">The study sought to reduce vocal stereotypy of a boy with Fragile X syndrome. This was done by utilizing the response interruption and redirection (RIRD) method and adding reinforcers and a negative punisher to the original method. The vocal stereotypy was targeted in two different situations; playtime with an iPad and breakfast. In the iPad situation a reinforcer and a punisher were added to the RIRD method but in the breakfast situation a reinforcer and a conditioned reinforcer were added to the method. There was a visible decrease in vocal stereotypy in both situations, which suggests that adding reinforcers and a punisher works well with the original RIRD method. Experimental control was demonstrated with a mixture of changing criterion design and multiple baseline design by keeping the data stable at a close to zero slope while increasing the criterion. Since previous studies have almost solely focused on autistic individuals, this study adds to the knowledge of whom the treatment benefits. &#xd;
Keywords: Fragile X syndrome, vocal stereotypic behavior, response interruption and redirection (RIRD) method</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="is">Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að minnka steglda hljóðhegðun (e. vocal stereotypy) drengs með heilkenni brotgjarns X (e. Fragile X syndrome). Rannsóknin nýtti aðferð sem kallast hegðunartruflun og endurstýring (e. response interruption and redirection) en styrkjum og sekt var bætt við aðferðina. Inngrip var framkvæmt í tveimur aðstæðum; leiktíma með spjaldtölvu og morgunmat. Í rannsókninni var einliðasniði beitt, nánar tiltekið blöndu af sniði með breytilegu viðmiði (e. changing criterion design) og sniði margþætts grunnskeiðs (e. multiple baseline design). Í spjaldtölvu aðstæðunum var styrki og sekt bætt við hegðunar truflunar- og endurstýringar aðferðina en í morgunmatar aðstæðunum var bæði skilyrtum styrki og styrki bætt við aðferðina. Sjáanleg minnkun var á stegldri hljóðhegðun í báðum aðstæðum sem gefur til kynna að styrking og refsing séu mögulega góð viðbót við upprunalegu aðferðina. Stjórn á aðstæðum var greinileg þar sem hegðun var nánast engin þó að kröfur væru auknar. Þar sem fyrri rannsóknir hafa nánast einungis einblínt á einhverfa þá bætir þessi rannsókn við þekkingu um það hverjir hafa gagn af aðferðinni. &#xd;
Lykilorð: Fragile X syndrome, stegld hegðun, hegðunar truflun og endurstýring</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso">en</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Sálfræði</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Hegðunarvandamál</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Hljóð</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Psychology</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Behavior analysis</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en">Reducing Vocal Stereotypic Behavior in a Child with Fragile X Syndrome by Implementing the Response Interruption and Redirection (RIRD) Method</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type">Thesis</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" qualifier="degree">Bachelor's</dim:field>
</dim:dim></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>