<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-10-02T05:52:13Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:skemman.is:1946/36314" metadataPrefix="dim">https://skemman.is/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:skemman.is:1946/36314</identifier><datestamp>2020-06-18T08:48:20Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_1946_10520</setSpec><setSpec>com_1946_10473</setSpec><setSpec>col_1946_10525</setSpec></header><metadata><dim:dim xmlns:dim="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.dspace.org/xmlns/dspace/dim http://www.dspace.org/schema/dim.xsd">
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" lang="is">Háskólinn á Hólum</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="contributor" qualifier="author">Nielsen, Liva Marie Hvarregaard, 1995-</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="advisor">Guðrún Jóhanna Stefánsdóttir 1967-</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="advisor">Gunnar Reynisson 1950-</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="is">Markmið þessarar rannsóknar var að kanna hvort og þá hvernig hraði hefur áhrif á taumþrýsting á tölti í hópi íslenskra reiðhesta. Taumþrýstingur var mældur á mismunandi hraða á tölti, það var hraða 1 (meðaltal 3,36 ± 0,47 m/s) og hraða 2 (meðaltal 4,77 ± 0,39 m/s) hjá sjö íslenskum reiðhestum. Tilgáta rannsóknarinnar var að það væri hærri meðaltaumþrýstingur á hraða 2 en hraða 1. Einn atvinnuknapi reið öllum hestunum á 30 m braut í reiðhöll, þar sem mælingar á taumþrýstingi fóru fram með taumþrýstingsmæli frá Centaur ©, gerð S2013. Allir hestarnir voru hitaður eins upp. Enginn marktækur munur fannst milli hraðanna tveggja í meðaltaumþrýstingi (16,58 ± 5,72 á móti 16,15 ± 6,21 N), meðaltals hámarkstaumþrýstingi (37,05 ± 12,88 á móti 34,89 ± 9,95 N) og meðaltals útslagi (34,19 ± 12,00 á móti 30,56 ± 8,11 N). Það kom fram hærri meðaltals lágmarkstaumþrýstingur á hraða 1 miðað við á hraða 2 (0.91 ± 1.81 á móti 0.36 ± 0.22 N; p&lt;0.05). Meðaltal lágmarkstaumþrýstings á vinstri taum var hærra en á hægri taum á minnsta hraðanum, hraða 1 (p &lt;0,05) og það var meira útslag að meðaltali á hægri taum en vinstri taum (p = 0,0095) á þessum hraða. Það kom fram tilhneiging til hærri meðaltals hámarkstaumþrýstings á hægri taum miðað við á vinstri taum á hraða 1 (p = 0,0855). Niðurstöður þessarar rannsóknar benda til að hraði hafi ekki áhrif á taumþrýsting á tölti. Ekki er hægt að alhæfa út frá niðurstöðunum þar sem þær kunna að skýrast af því að úrtakið var lítið, eða af  einstaklingsmun milli hrossa og af þröngum hraðamörkum. Nánari rannsóknir á taumþrýstingi á tölti hjá íslenskum hestum í tengslum við hraða eru nauðsynlegar til að veita meiri þekkingu á taumþrýstingi og taka mið af velferð hrossa.&#xd;
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Lykilorð: Íslenskir hestar, taumþrýstingur, tölt, hraði, ábendingar</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="description" qualifier="abstract" lang="en">The aim of this study was to investigate how speed affects rein tension in tölt in a group of Icelandic riding horses. Rein tension was measured at two different speeds in tölt, speed 1 (mean 3.36 ± 0.47 m/s) and speed 2 (mean 4.77 ± 0.39 m/s), in seven Icelandic riding horses. The hypothesis was that there would be greater average rein tension at speed 2 compared to speed 1. One professional rider rode all horses on a 30 m track in an indoor riding arena, where rein tension measurements took place with a rein tension meter from Centaur ©, type S2013. All horses went through the same warm-up procedure. No significant differences were found between speed 1 and 2 in average rein tension (16.58 ± 5.72 vs. 16.15 ± 6.21 N), average maximum rein tension (37.05 ± 12.88 vs. 34.89 ± 9.95 N), and average amplitude (34.19 ± 12.00 vs. 30.56 ± 8.11 N). Average minimum rein tension differed between speed 1 and 2 (0.91 ± 1.81 vs. 0.36 ± 0.22 N; p&lt;0.05). In speed 1, the average left minimum rein tension was higher than average right minimum tension (p&lt;0.05), and there was greater amplitude on the right rein compared to the left rein (p = 0.0095). A tendency for higher average maximum right rein tension than left rein tension came forth in speed 1 (p = 0.0855). To conclude the results of this study suggest that speed does not affect rein tension in tölt, which might be explained by a small sample size, individual differences within the group of horses and a narrow speed range. Further investigations of rein tension in tölt in Icelandic horses in relation to speed are necessary in order to provide more knowledge on the matter and take the welfare of horses into account. &#xd;
Keywords: Icelandic horse, rein tension, tölt, speed, signals</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2020-06-18T08:48:20Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="available">2020-06-18T08:48:20Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="issued">2020-06-18T08:48:20Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="submitted">2020-05-09T14:32:22Z</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="date" qualifier="published">2019-12</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="identifier" qualifier="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/1946/36314</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="language" qualifier="iso">en</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Hestafræði</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Íslenski hesturinn</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Reiðtygi</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Tölt</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="is">Hraði</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Icelandic horse</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Rein tension</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="subject" lang="en">Equine studies</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="title" lang="en">Rein tension at two different speeds in tölt in Icelandic riding horses</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type">Thesis</dim:field>
<dim:field mdschema="dc" element="type" qualifier="degree">Bachelor's</dim:field>
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